Natural Madd (المد الطبيعي)
Madd with Alif
Fathah followed by standing alif
Length: 2 counts
Madd with Waw
Dammah followed by silent waw
Length: 2 counts
Madd with Ya
Kasrah followed by silent ya
Length: 2 counts
Madd Al 'Ewad
Fathatayn (double fathah) is substituted with Alif when stopping on it
Length: 2 counts
Madd At-Tamkeen
The meeting of a waw with dammah and a waw sakinah, or a yaa with kasrah and a yaa sakinah
Length: 2 counts
Madd Tabee'i Harfi
From among the letters that are found at the beginning of the suwar
Length: 2 counts
Secondary Types of Madd (المد الفرعي)
Madd Muttasil
Madd letter with a hamzah after it within same word
Length: 4-5 counts
Madd Munfasil
Madd letter with a hamzah after it, where the hamza is the first letter of the next word
Length: 4-5 counts
Madd Badal
Hamzah with a madd letter after it, and there is no hamza or sukoon after the madd letter
Length: 2 counts
Madd Lazim
Madd or leen letter with a letter after it that has an original sukoon. It also includes singular letter cases at the beginning of surahs
Length: 6 counts
Madd Aarid lis sukoon
Madd letter at end of verse when stopping
Length: 2, 4, or 6 counts
Madd Silah
Madd silah occurs when (ه) is preceded by a voweled letter and followed by a voweled letter. Its length is 2 counts for regular madd (silah sughra/minor) and 4-5 counts when the letter after it is hamzah (madd silah kubra/major)
Length: sughra: 2 counts , kubra: 4 or 5 counts
Madd Leen
Sukoon on waw/ya with fathah before
Length: 2, 4, or 6 counts when stopping; 2 counts when continuing